Angelina

Gender: Feminine
Origin: Greek/Italian
Eng (AN-je-LEE-nah); It (ahn-jay-LEE-nah)

The name is often listed as an Italian diminutive form of Angela, but seems to have a much longer history as an independent given name stretching all the way back to the Byzantine Empire.

The name seems to have been used as a feminine form of Angelos for the female offspring of the Angelos family. The Angelos family was the ruling dynasty of the Byzantine Empire during the 12th-century, it is believed that their name was either derived from the traditional Angelos or may have been from a toponym (Agel), a district near Amida.

As a result, the name became fairly common among South Eastern European royalty of the Middle Ages, one of whom, St. Angelina of Serbia (15th-century, CE), is revered as a saint in the Serbian Orthodox Church.

Theodora Angelina, Duchess of Austria (d.1246), the wife of Leopold VI of Austria, was from the Angelos family. As a result, the name has had some usage in German-speaking countries, but really exploded in popularity during the last decade, perhaps more to due to the fame of actress, Angelina Jolie (b.1975).

Angelina also seems to have been a common name in 18th and 19th-century America. It was borne by Angelina Eberly (1798-1860) a famous innkeeper during the Texas Archives War. In addition, it was borne by early suffragette and abolitionist activist, Angelina Grimké (1805-1879) as well as Angelina Weld Grimké, (1880-1958), a poet and writer.

The name is currently experiencing a sharp rise in popularity. It is the 59th most popular female name in Austria, (2010) and her rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 84 (Germany, 2011)
  • # 86 (Australia, 2010)
  • # 93 (United States, 2010)
  • # 107 (France, 2009)
  • # 224 (Netherlands, 2010)

Other forms of the name include:

  • Angjelina (Albanian)
  • Angelina Ангелина Անգելինա (Armenian/Bulgarian/Croatian/Dutch/English/German/Greek/Hungarian/Italian/Macedonian/Polish/Russian/Serbian/Slovene/Spanish)
  • Angéline (French)
  • Andżelina (Polish)

 

Florian

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Latin
Meaning: “flower.”

The name is derived from the Latin Florianus, which is derived from the Roman gens name Florus, meaning “flower.”

The name is borne by an early Christian saint and martyr who is considered the patron saint of Upper Austria, Poland and firefighters. In German slang, fighfighters are sometimes generically referred to as Florian, and there is a German folk saying called the Florian Principle which refers to a prayer to the saint, which goes:

O holy Saint Florian, spare my house, kindle others

This saying is the equivalent of the English saying, “not in my backyard.”

Florian has always been a popular name in German-speaking countries. It is currently the 10th most popular male name in Austria, (2010). His rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 35 (Germany, 2011)
  • # 79 (France, 2009)
  • # 84 (Belgium, 2009)
  • # 100 (Hungary, 2010)
  • # 155 (the Netherlands, 2010)

Other forms of the name include:

  • Florian Флориан (Albanian/Bulgarian/Dutch/English/French/German/Hungarian/Polish/Romanian/Russian/Spanish/Ukrainian)
  • Florià (Catalan)
  • Florijan (Croatian/Slovene)
  • Florián (Czech/Slovak)
  • Floriaan (Dutch)
  • Florianus (Dutch/Latin)
  • Flórián (Hungarian)
  • Flóris (Hungarian)
  • Fóris (Hungarian)
  • Fiorino (Italian)
  • Floreano (Italian)
  • Floriano (Italian/Portuguese)
  • Florians (Latvian)
  • Florijonas (Lithuanian)
  • Tworzyjan (Polish: sometimes used as a vernacular form)
  • Florin (Romanian)
  • Flurin (Romansch)
  • Florianu (Sicilian)
  • Florjan (Slovene)

Feminine forms include:

  • Floriana (Albanian/Italian/Romanian)
  • Florijana (Croatian/Slovene)
  • Floriane (French/German)
  • Fiorina (Italian)
  • Floreana (Italian)
  • Florianna (Polish)
  • Floryjana (Polish: archaic form)
  • Florina (Romanian)
  • Flurina (Romansch)
  • Florika (Slovene)
  • Florjana (Slovene)
Polish diminutives are Floszka and Tworka.

 

Tobias

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Hebrew
Meaning: “Yahweh is good.”
Eng (toh-BYE-us)

The name is a Greek form of the Hebrew male name, Toviyyah טוֹבִיָּה, which appears in the Old Testament as the name of an Ammonite. It is borne by several other minor characters in the Old Testament. In earlier versions of the New Testament, it is the name of Tobit in the Book of Tobit.

The name gained popularity in England after the Reformation and is often shortened to Toby. It is currently the 2nd most popular male name in Austria and his rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 11 (Norway, 2010)
  • # 20 (Denmark, 2010)
  • # 95 (Netherlands, 2010)
  • # 519 (United States, 2010)

Other forms of the name include:

  • Tobias (Dutch/English/German/Scandinavian)
  • Tobiáš (Czech)
  • Topias (Finnish)
  • Topi (Finnish)
  • Tobie (French)
  • Tuvya טוּבִיָה (Hebrew)
  • Tóbiás (Hungarian)
  • Tobia (Italian)
  • Tobasz (Polish)
  • Tobiasz (Polish)
  • Tobijasz (Polish)
  • Tovija Товия (Russian)
  • Tovij Товий (Russian) 
  • Tevye (Yiddish)

Christos

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Greek Χριστός Χρήστος
Meaning: “anointed.”
(HREES-tose)

The name actually has pre-Christians origins, but in post-Byzantine Greece has often been associated with Χρίστος (Chrístos), literally meaning “the anointed”, derived from a theological term referring to Jesus as the Messiah. This is where the word Christ comes from. Other sources have suggested that the name actually comes from the Greek, Χρήστος (Chrestos) meaning, “useful.”

Both spellings are used in modern day Greece and are seen as variations of each other. The former is derived from the Greek verb χριω (chrio) “to anoint.”

Christós is used as a designation for Jesus Christ in modern Greek and is actually considered a completely different name from Chrístos, even though they share the same etymology. They are even pronounced differently. The former being emphasized on the last syllable and the latter emphasized on the penultimate syllable.

Currently, Christos is the 494th most popular male name in Germany, (2011).

Elijah, Elias

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Hebrew
Meaning: “Yahweh is God.”
Eng (ee-LIE-jah ; e-LIE-jah)
Eng (ee-LIE-us; eh-LIE-us)

The name is derived from the Biblical Hebrew, אֱלִיָּהוּ, (Eliyyahu), meaning, “Yahweh is God.”

The name is borne in the Old Testament by an extremely important prophet who is speculated to have been alive around the 9th-century C.E.

Many miraculous occurrences were attributed to him, the most spectacular being that he could raise the dead, invoke fire from the sky and it is also believed that he ascended into heaven, (body and soul), via a chariot of fire flanked by cherubs.

He is an extremely popular figure in both Judaism and Christianity.

In the New Testament, it is believed that Elijah appeared with Moses during the Transfiguration of Christ.

Elijah has always been revered as a great saint by the Eastern Orthodox Churches, and in Russia and other Slavo-Orthodox nations, Elijah has been equated as a sort of folk character: he is responsible for bad weather if angered.

In Judaism, Elijah is invoked during the weekly Havdalah, the Passover seder and during the ritual circumcision.

In the the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, it is believed that Elijah visited Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery in 1836.

Unlike other Old Testament names, Elijah has had a longer usage among Christians, going as far back as the Middle Ages. However, in Medieval England, the Middle English form of Elis, was more widely used.

In addition to the prophet Elijah, the name was also borne by at least two Catholic/Orthodox Saints.

Currently, Elijah is the 18th most popular male name in the United States, (2010). So far, this is the highest he has ranked in U.S. naming history. His rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 45 (Australia, 2010)
  • # 78 (Canada, B.C., 2010)
  • # 311 (the Netherlands, 2010)
  • # 427 (France, 2009)

His Hellenized counterpart of Elias, is also an up-and-comer, he is currently the # 141st most popular male name in the United States, (2010) and his rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 4 (Sweden, 2010)
  • # 9 (Austria, 2010)
  • # 10 (Norway, 2010)
  • # 13 (Germany, 2011)
  • # 18 (Denmark, 2010)
  • # 44 (Belgium, 2009)
  • # 119 (France, 2009)
  • # 225 (the Netherlands, 2010)

Other forms of the name include:

  • Ilyas إلياس (Arabic)
  • Ilia/Ilya Илья (Bulgarian/Old Church Slavonic/Russian)
  • Ilija Илија (Bulgarian/Croatian/Macedonian/Serbian)
  • Elies (Catalan)
  • Elijáš (Czech)
  • Elia (Dutch/Finnish/Georgian/Italian/Norwegian)
  • Eliah (English)
  • Eelis (Finnish)
  • Eljas (Finnish)
  • Élie (French)
  • Elias Ηλιας (English/Estonian/Finnish/German/Greek/Portuguese/Scandinavian)
  • Ellis/Elis (English)
  • Elija (German)
  • Elise ელისე (Georgian)
  • Eliou Ηλιου (Greek)
  • Eliyyahu/Eliyahu אֱלִיָּהוּ (Hebrew)
  • Éliás (Hungarian)
  • Illés (Hungarian)
  • Elías (Icelandic/Spanish)
  • Illyas (Indonesian)
  • Oillil (Irish-Gaelic)
  • Eliya (Kiswahili)
  • Helias (Latin: Biblical)
  • Habacus (Latin: Vulgate)
  • Elijas (Lithuanian)
  • Eliasz (Polish)
  • Ilie (Romanian)
  • Eliáš (Slovakian)
  • İlyas (Turkish)

A Romanian feminine form is Ilinca, (ee-LEEN-kah).

The name is borne by American actor, Elijah Wood (b. 1981)

The designated name days are March 24, July 20 and August 2nd.

Felix

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Latin
Meaning: “happy; lucky.”
Eng (FEE-liks); Germ (FEH-leeks)

Felix is derived from an Old Roman agnomen, (nickname), which describes one who is happy or lucky.

In ancient History, it was bestowed as a descriptive nick name upon the Roman dictator, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, (c.138 B.C.E-78 B.C.E), it was also borne by a few other Roman officials.

The name also makes an appearance in the New Testament.

The name was borne by at least 15 saints and 5 popes, rendering the name extremely popular in Medieval Continental Europe.

The name was also in usage in Medieval England, but seems to have gone out of style after the Protestant Reformation, being revived again in the 19th-century.

Currently, Felix is the 9th most popular male name in Germany (2011), in the United States, however, he only ranked in as the 3331st most popular male name, (2010). The highest he has ever ranked in U.S. naming history was in 1884, coming in as the 137th most popular male name.

In the English speaking world, Felix is usually associated with the Cartoon character, Felix the Cat.

His rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 14 (Austria, 2010)
  • # 38 (Denmark, 2010)
  • # 50 (Sweden, 2010)
  • # 83 (Norway, 2010)
  • # 177 (France, 2009)
  • # 201 (the Netherlands, 2010)

A list of all the variations are as follows:

  • Feliu (Catalan)
  • Felix Феликс (Croatian/Czech/Dutch/English/Finnish/German/Romanian/Russian/Scandinavian/Serbian)
  • Feliks (Croatian/Polish/Croatian/Serbian/Slovene)
  • Feeliks (Finnish)
  • Feliksas (Finnish)
  • Félix (French/Hungarian/Portuguese/Slovakian/Spanish)
  • Feliksz (Hungarian)
  • Felice (Italian)
  • Felicetto (Italian)
  • Felicino (Italian)
  • Felicio (Italian)
  • Feluccio (Italian)
  • Felicius (Latin)
  • Szczęsny (Polish:a vernacular form of Felix, this form is archaic and has been replaced in usage by Felix)
  • Felici (Romansch)
  • Srečko (Slovene; Croatian: direct translation, literally meaning “happy, lucky” in Southern Slavic languages)

Another offshoot is the Latin Felician, which literally means “the happy one” or “the lucky one.”

Derivatives are:

  • Felician (English)
  • Félicien (French)
  • Feliciano (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish)
  • Feliziano (Italian)
  • Liciano (Italian)
  • Felicianus (Latin)
  • Felicjan (Polish: fe-LEET-syahn)
  • Felicián (Slovak)

Its feminine form of Felicia has been in usage in England since the Middle Ages, currently, she does not appear in the U.S. top 1000, she was last seen in 2005 coming in as 993rd most popular female name. The highest she ever ranked in U.S. naming history was in 1986 coming in as the 90th most popular female name.

She is currently the 251st most popular female name in the Netherlands (2008) and the 15th most popular in Sweden (2007).

Variations are:

  • Felicia (English/Italian/Romanian: feh-LEE-shah Eng; fay-LEE-chah Italian)
  • Félicie (French: fay-lee-SEE)
  • Félicienne (French)
  • Felicie (German: fe-LEE-tsee-e)
  • Felícia (Hungarian/Portuguese)
  • Felicetta (Italian: obscure)
  • Feliciana (Italian/Latin/Spanish)
  • Felicina (Italian: obscure)
  • Felicja (Polish: Felcia, Felka, Fila and Filka are the diminutives. fe-LEET-syah)
  • Felina (Polish)
  • Feliksa (Polish)
  • Szczęsna (Polish)
  • Srečka (Slovene/Croatian)

The name was borne by German composer, Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847).

The designated name-days are January 14 (Sweden), February 12 (France), May 30 (Germany), June 9 (Hungary), November 1st (Czech Republic), November 20 (Slovakia).

Deborah

Gender: Feminine
Origin: Biblical Hebrew
Meaning: “bee.”
דְּבוֹרָה
Eng (DEB-uh-ruh); Eng (deh-BORE-uh)

In the Old Testament, the name is found in the Book of Judges as the name of a prophetess and female judge who led a defeat against the Canaanites.

It was also borne by a nurse of Rebecca.

The name has always been a common Jewish name, but did not catch on with Christians until after the Protestant Reformation, when the name became especially prevalent among the Puritans.

Deborah experienced a sharp vogue in the mid 20th century when, in 1955, she ranked in as the 2nd most popular female name in the United States. Deborah remained in the top 10 between 1950 and 1962. As of 2010, Deborah only ranked in as the 776th most popular female name.

Currently, its Portuguese form of Débora is the 88th most popular female name in Brazil, (2011). Her rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 328 (France, 2009)
  • # 491 (the Netherlands, 2010)

Other forms of the name include:

  • Deborha (Amharic)
  • Diba دیبا (Arabic)
  • Debara Дэбара (Belarusian)
  • Dihya (Berber)
  • Debora დებორა Девора (Bulgarian/Czech/Dutch/Finnish/Georgian/German/Italian/Polish/Russian/Scandinavian)
  • Devora Девора (Bulgarian)
  • Dèbora(Catalan)
  • Debra (English)
  • Deboora (Estonian)
  • Débora (French/Portuguese/Spanish)
  • Debbora Δεββωρα (Greek: Biblical)
  • Devorah דְּבוֹרָה (Hebrew: Biblical)
  • Dvora/Dvorit דְּבוֹרָה (Hebrew: Modern)
  • Debóra (Icelandic)
  • Deborra (Late Latin)
  • Depke (Plattdeutsch)

 

Common Nicknames include:

Deb, Debbie (English)
Debbos, Debo, Deby (German)

Other notable bearers include: British actress, Deborah Kerr (1921-2007); American pop singer, Deborah “Blondie” Harry (b.1945); American Singer, Debbie Gibson (b.1970); Italian actress, Debora Caprogli0 (b.1968); Estonian poet and translator, Debora Varaandi (1916-2007); Polish philsopher and poet, Debora Vogel (1900-1942); Belgian actress, Déborah François (b.1987).

The designated name-days are: April 24 (Poland); September 21 (France); November 4 (Poland).

Sources

  1. http://www.behindthename.com/php/find.php?name=deborah
  2. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=689&letter=J&search=Judges
  3. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04663a.htm
  4. http://www.houseofdavid.ca/anc_heb.htm
  5. http://www.houseofdavid.ca/anc_heb_6.htm#Deborah

Candela

Gender: Feminine
Origin: Spanish
Meaning: “candle.”
kahn-DE-lah

The name literally means “candle” in Spanish, but as a given name is contracted from the name Candelaria which is Spanish for Candlemas. Candlemas is a holiday that occurs on February 2nd and commemorates the day Christ was prensented in the Temple and the Virgin Mary’s purification. Originally, the name was usually given to girls born on the holiday.

Currently, Candela is the 7th most popular female name in Argentina, (2009). Her rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 37 (Spain, 2010)
  • # 80 (Catalonia, 2009)
In Chemistry, candela is an SI base unit used to measure luminous intensity.

Clement

Gender: Masculine
Origin: Latin
Meaning: “merciful, mild.”

The name is an anglicized form of the Late Latin, Clemens, which is derived from Clementius, meaning, “merciful; gentle.”

The name was extremely popular throughout Medieval Europe as it was borne by several saints and Popes, most notably St. Clement I, the third Pope and St. Clement of Alexandria, an Eastern Christian theologian who reconciled Christian and Platonic philosophies.

In England, the name fell out of usage after the Protestant Reformation, but was revived in the 19th-century.

Currently, Clement is the 20th most popular male name in Belgium, (2009) and the 40th most popular in France, (2009).

Its Latin form of Clemens is the 45th most popular male name in Austria, (2010).

Other forms of the name include:

  • Kelmen (Basque)
  • Klemañs (Breton)
  • Kliment Климентკლემენტ Κλήμης (Bulgarian/Czech/Georgian/Greek/Macedonian/Russian/Serbian/Slovak)
  • Climent (Catalan)
  • Klement (Croatian/Czech/German/Slovak)
  • Clement (English/Romanian)
  • Klemens (Finnish/German/Polish/Scandinavian)
  • Clément (French)
  • Clemens (German)
  • Klemenz (German)
  • Kelemen (Hungarian)
  • Kelen (Hungarian)
  • Clemente (Italian/Spanish)
  • Clementino (Italian)
  • Clemenzio (Italian)
  • Clementius (Late Latin)
  • Klements (Latvian)
  • Klemensas (Lithuanian)
  • Clementi (Sardinian)
  • Klemen (Slovene)
  • Klimant (Sorbian)

Feminine forms include:

  • Clementine (English)
  • Clemence (English)
  • Clemency (English)
  • Clémence (French)
  • Clémentine (French)
  • Klemencia (Hungarian)
  • Clementa (Italian)
  • Clementina (Italian/Portuguese/Spanish)
  • Clemenza (Italian)
  • Clemenzia (Italian)
  • Mentina (Italian)
  • Clementia (Latin)
  • Klimentina Климентина (Macedonian)
  • Klemencja (Polish)
  • Klementyna (Polish)
  • Klementina (Slovene)

 

Valentine

Origin: Latin
Meaning: “strong; vigorous; healthy.”
(Eng masc: val-en-TINE; Fre fem: vah-lown-TEEN)

The name is derived from the Roman family name, Valentinus, which is derived from the Latin, valens, meaning: “strong, vigourous; healthy.”

In the modern world, the name is mostly associated with the holiday, it was borne by several early Christian martyrs, one of whom whose feast day happened to coincide with the ancient Roman festival of Lupercalia.

The anglicized form of Valentine is masculine, while in French, Valentine is feminine. This is a natural evolution, as Valentine is actually the feminine form of the French masculine,Valentin.

Valentine does not rank in the U.S. top 1000, but Valentine and Valentin are fairly common names in French-speaking countries.

Currently, Valentin is the 36th most popular male name in Austria, (2010). His rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 12 (Hungary, Bálint, 2010)
  • # 40 (France, Valentin, 2009)
  • # 106 (the Netherlands, Valentijn, 2010)
  • # 792 (United States, Valentin, 2010)

Other forms of the masculine include:

  • Valentini (Albanian)
  • Balendin (Basque)
  • Vàledin Валедин (Bulgarian)
  • Valentin Валентин (Bulgarian/Croatian/Czech/Estonian/French/German/Scandinavian/Slovene/Romanian/Russian)
  • Valentí (Catalan)
  • Valentyn (Czech)
  • Valentijn (Dutch: same pronunciation as in English)
  • Valentine (English)
  • Valjo/Valju (Estonian: has a different etymology but has been traditionally used as a cognate for Valentinus)
  • Balantin (Extramadurian)
  • Bálint (Hungarian)
  • Valente (Italian)
  • Valentiniano (Italian)
  • Valentino (Italian)
  • Valento (Italian)
  • Valenzano (Italian)
  • Valenzo (Italian)
  • Valentinus (Latin)
  • Valentins (Latvian)
  • Valentinas (Lithuanian)
  • Walentyn (Polish)
  • Walenty (Polish)
  • Valentim (Portuguese)
  • Ualan (Scottish)
  • Valintinu (Sicilian)
  • Valentín (Slovak/Spanish)
  • Folant (Welsh)

Valentina is currently the 19th most popular female name in Austria, (2010), her rankings in other countries are as follows:

  • # 28 (Italy, 2009)
  • # 47 (Croatia, 2010)
  • # 61 (Slovenia, 2010)
  • # 71 (France, Valentine, 2009)
  • # 81 (Catelonia, 2009)
  • # 91 (Belgium, Valentine, 2009)
  • # 92 (Spain, 2010)
  • # 97 (Germany, 2011)
  • # 152 (United States, 2010)
  • # 444 (the Netherlands 2010)

Other forms include:

  • Valentina Валентина (Catalan/Croatian/German/Hungarian/Italian/Romanian/Russian/Slovene/Spanish)
  • Valentine (French)
  • Valentína (Icelandic/Slovak)
  • Valenta (Italian)
  • Valenzia (Italian)
  • Walentyna (Polish)
  • Valentyna Валентина (Ukrainian)

The designated name-day is of course, February 14.

Sources

  1. Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vatican, 1969), p. 117
  2. http://www.behindthename.com/php/search.php?nmd=n&terms=Valentine
  3. http://www.askoxford.com/firstnames/valentine?view=uk
  4. http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-valentine-of-rome/
  5. http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsLife.asp?FSID=101926
  6. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15254a.htm